Liquid dishwasher detergents toxicity in pets

substance: Surfactants

categories:

Cleaning supplies

symptoms:

Blepharospams / Coma / Hypersalivation / Necrosis / Paralysis / Stridor / Vomiting / Weakness

# Description

Cleaning detergents are composed most of surfactants (anionic, cationic nonionic or amphoteric). They can also contain complex phosphates, sodium carbonate silicate. Detergents usually have low toxicity in veterinary species. Dishwasher detergents are exception. Symptoms can vary from nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, drooling to more serious but uncommon complications like esophageal burns and GI bleeds, CNS depression, convulsions, coma and renal damage.

# How it works

Direct contact with tissue may lead to necrosis. Muscle weakness and paralysis can result from the ganglion-blocking and curare-like activity of quaternary ammonium compounds.

# Symptoms

Gastrointestinal: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and gastritis, which may cause corrosive injury leading to drooling, dysphagia, epigastric pain, and bleeding.
Dermal: dryness, dermatitis, irritation, necrosis.
Ocular: conjunctive erythema, irritation, pain, stinging, corneal ulcer may occur.
Respiratory: cough, dyspnea, stridor, breathing muscles paralysis.
Cardiovascular: hypotension and shock
Neurological: lethargy, CNS depression, coma and seizures.

# Treatment

Emesis is not indicated.

Ocular: Flush the eyes with saline or room temperature water.

Dermal: Irrigate the affected area with room temperature water.

General Care: Secure and protect the airway, supply oxygen, and monitor and replace fluids and electrolytes as needed.

Oral Dilution: Oral dilution with water may be necessary.

If Bronchospasm Occurs:

Prednisolone (PO, 1 mg/kg per day),
Dexamethasone (IV),
Fluticasone (inhalation)
Salbutamol (inhalation)

# Prognosis

An immediate visit to the veterinarian is essential.

Symptoms