Short chain alcohols toxicity in pets

Short-term consumption of ethanol impairs brain function by disrupting the balance between inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmission. Methanol od metabolised to formaldehyde, but cats and dogs have better rate of formate metabolism, which is why they don'r develope blindeness like humans. Isopropanol od twice as potent CNS depressant as ethanol. Additionally alcohols can irritate mucous membranes and the eyes.

Neurological: depression, ataxia, lethargy, sedation, recumbency, disorientation, vocalization, seizures, coma.

Gastrointestinal: nausea, vomiting, bloating and smell od alcohol grom mouth if fermented bread ingested.

Metabolic: acidosis, hypothermia

Cardiovascular: hypotension, tachykardia.

Respiratory: aspiration pneumonia, respiratory depression.

After ingestion od isopropanol symptoms may be prolonged.

Alcohol is absorbed very quickly from the gastrointestinal tract, so emesis is not recommended, particularly due to the rapid onset of CNS depression and the risk of aspiration.

Gastric lavage should be considered if large amounts of content are present in the stomach of a symptomatic patient.

Activated charcoal is not recommended.

Rinse the affected skin with shampoo and water.

Fluid therapy should be administered to maintain hydration and electrolyte balance and to manage metabolic acidosis; the use of sodium bicarbonate may be considered.

If respiratory depression occurs, a cuffed endotracheal tube should be placed, and mechanical ventilation should be provided as needed.

Contact veterinarian if an exposure has occurred or an animal is displaying unusual clinical signs.